Back Pain
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Pain in the lower back (lumbar area) is the most common orthopedic problem people experience.  Many studies show that over 80% of people experience at least one episode of low back pain during their lifetime. And this episode is likely to repeat itself unless steps are taken to correct the underlying problems and strengthen the spinal and surrounding abdominal structures.

Not all back problems are caused by trauma (e.g. heavy lifting, sports activity). Many are a result of poor posture and improper body movement while lifting, bending, pushing, pulling, driving, walking and sitting. Development of good body mechanics can help to prevent injury or further damage. A program of both passive and active modalities, proscribed and administered by physical therapy professionals, can help the body to heal and become stronger.

After a low back injury, the muscles (lumbar multifidi and transverses abdominus) that support and stabilize the spine often become dysfunctional. In a weakened state, these muscles can no longer protect the spine during movement, thus causing further low back pain. Specific exercises focus on restoring these support muscles to their former state, reducing pain and improving functionality and quality of daily life.

Treatment for low back pain can include:

• Heat therapy (stimulates blood flow to the injured tissue so the quantity of nutrients and oxygen increases; increased blood flow removes cell waste; causes tense muscles to relax, thus relieving pain; increases range of motion by reducing tightness and spasms)
• Cold therapy (slows circulation, thus reducing inflammation, spasms and pain)
• Massage and soft tissue mobilization (promotes relaxation of tight muscles, decreases pain and muscle spasms, promotes blood flow)
• Ultrasound (inaudible acoustic vibrations which penetrate into soft tissue)
  Electrical stimulation
• Traction
• Phonophoresis (non-invasive treatment using ultrasound to administer an anti-inflammatory to the affected area)
• Iontophoresis (non-invasive treatment using electric current to administer an anti-inflammatory to the affected area)
• T.E.N.S. (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation – electrical stimulation is used to block pain coming from the inflamed areas)
• Education to improve body mechanics and posture
• Lumbar stabilization (exercises to strengthen the supporting abdominal/back muscles and increase flexibility)
  
  

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